Sealing dressings refer to dressings that can form a low oxygen and slightly acidic moist environment with the wound through dressing coverage. Its characteristics include: promoting the absorption of exudates, non-adhesion to the wound, promoting dermis repair rapidly, etc. This kind of dressing can closely fit the wound, prevent the wound from drying, keep the wound moist, and it interacts with topical drugs and endogenous molecules in the body to promote wound healing. Sealing dressings are widely used in the prevention and treatment of various wounds. Studies have shown that the therapeutic effect of sealing versatile wound dressing is significantly better than that of dry wound dressing in clinical wound care.
In the 1970s-1980s, the concept of wet healing was gradually formed, and keeping the wound in the moist environment has become the clinical standard wound treatment method since then.
Ⅰ. The wound healing process of sealing wound dressing for different wounds and different parts of wounds
After Dr. Winter proposed the concept of wet wound healing, new dressings have sprung up. At present, there are thousands of dressings on the market, and there are also many ways to classify them. According to the degree of degradation, they can be divided into degradable and non-degradable products; According to the source, they can be divided into cellulose dressings, biological dressings and synthetic dressings; According to the morphology, they can be divided into fiber braided type, film type (including semi-permeable membrane, chorionic membrane, rubber membrane, etc.), sponge type and compound type; And according to the useful life and function, they can be divided into two categories: Protective dressings, which are only for routine using and need to be changed regularly within 2 to 3 days; and skin substitutes, this can be further divided into two types:
1. Temporary one: be used to cover a fresh wound of stage Ⅱ until healing completely.
2. Semi-permanent one: be used to autologous skin grafts for wounds of stage Ⅲ.
Ⅱ. Classification according to the composition of wound dressing
According to the composition of wound dressing, dressings can be divided into three categories: common dressings, biological dressings and synthetic dressings. Classified by the moisturizing ability of versatile wound dressing is the most popular way among clinical professionals, the principle is that the primary purpose of dressings is to maintain a moist environment for wound healing. According to this classification system, dressings are classified into open, semi-open, and semi-closed dressings. Among them, semi-closed dressings have a wide variety of closeness, absorbency, adhesion and antimicrobial activity, including film dressings, foam dressings, alginate dressings, silicone dressings and hydrogel dressings.
When the correct dressing is chosen and changed in time, versatile wound dressing can have an important influence on the speed of wound healing, skin repair effect, wound strength and function, and wound appearance. For wound healing, there is no single dressing suitable for all stages of all wound healing, so clinical staff and wound professionals are required to choose the most appropriate dressing according to the assessment of the wound and patients' wishes. The wound must be continuously monitored after using the dressing, because the characteristics of the new dressing and wound requirements will change over time.
